Договор поставки товаров — ключевой институт российского гражданского права, регулирующий предпринимательские отношения. Актуальность исследования обусловлена его ролью в обеспечении стабильности товарооборота, неоднозначностью правоприменительной практики и пробелами в законодательстве (ст. 506–534 ГК РФ). Цель работы — комплексный анализ гражданско-правовой природы договора поставки, включая отграничение от смежных договоров (купли-продажи, подряда) и выявление специфики правового регулирования. Использованы догматический, сравнительно-правовой и исторический методы. Проведен анализ норм ГК РФ, федеральных законов (например, № 44-ФЗ о госзакупках), судебной практики (постановления Пленума ВАС РФ № 18, решения арбитражных судов за 2018–2023 гг.) и доктринальных источников. Исследование включало систематизацию 120 судебных дел для выявления типичных конфликтов (нарушение сроков, несоответствие качества товара).
The contract for the supply of goods is a key institution of Russian civil law regulating business relations. The relevance of the study is due to its role in ensuring the stability of trade turnover, the ambiguity of law enforcement practice and gaps in legislation (Articles 506-534 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). The purpose of the work is a comprehensive analysis of the civil law nature of the supply contract, including differentiation from related contracts (purchase and sale, contract) and identification of the specifics of legal regulation. Dogmatic, comparative-legal and historical methods are used. The analysis of the norms of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, federal laws (for example, No. 44-FZ on public procurement), judicial practice (resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation No. 18, decisions of arbitration courts for 2018-2023) and doctrinal sources. The study included the systematization of 120 court cases to identify typical conflicts (violation of deadlines, non-conformity of product quality).
The contract for the supply of goods is a key institution of Russian civil law regulating business relations. The relevance of the study is due to its role in ensuring the stability of trade turnover, the ambiguity of law enforcement practice and gaps in legislation (Articles 506-534 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). The purpose of the work is a comprehensive analysis of the civil law nature of the supply contract, including differentiation from related contracts (purchase and sale, contract) and identification of the specifics of legal regulation. Dogmatic, comparative-legal and historical methods are used. The analysis of the norms of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, federal laws (for example, No. 44-FZ on public procurement), judicial practice (resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation No. 18, decisions of arbitration courts for 2018-2023) and doctrinal sources. The study included the systematization of 120 court cases to identify typical conflicts (violation of deadlines, non-conformity of product quality).