The article examines the individual-typological features of student personality as factors of successful learning in higher education. The author analyzes the role of temperament, character, personality accentuations, cognitive styles and motivational sphere in students' educational activities. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between psychological characteristics and the effectiveness of the educational process, as well as the need for individualization of the pedagogical approach. Based on the analysis of classical and modern psychological and pedagogical concepts, student typologies and practical recommendations for implementing an individual approach in higher education are presented. The article has practical significance for university teachers seeking to optimize pedagogical interaction taking into account the psychological characteristics of students.